Native American Removal Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• The Treaty of Pontotoc Creek (1832) facilitated relocation of which tribe?
• Before removal, what river commonly marked the eastern edge of tribal lands in the Southeast?
• The Trail of Tears contributed to which long-term policy shift in U.S. government toward Native Americans?
• Which tribe was primarily affected by the Doak's Stand and Dancing Rabbit's Creek treaties?
• Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) held the Cherokee Nation was not a foreign nation, but what status?
• Who were the Five Civilized Tribes?
• What broader effect did removal have on Native American governance structures?
• How many Choctaws died during the removal to Indian Territory?
• What was different about the Chickasaw and the Cherokees from the former tribes that had been removed from the east?
• Who defeated the Red Sticks, causing the Creeks to cede land to the U.S. Government?
• Which publication helped preserve Cherokee language, culture, and political voice during removal?
• To which territory were the Choctaws relocated?
• Which tribe is among the Five Civilized Tribes?
• Which tribe’s leaders included Stand Watie, who later aligned with the Confederacy during the Civil War?
• Which statement best defines a treaty?
• What was the joint Creek and Seminole tribe called?
• Why were mosquitoes so dangerous?
• Removal and land policy shifts contributed to disruption in tribal governance by replacing traditional structures with what?
• What is a formal agreement between two or more sovereign states?
• Which individual broke the Creek chief agreement, and what happened to him?
• Which treaty facilitated Creek relocation to Indian Territory?
• Which term is used to describe the forced relocation journey of the Cherokee and other tribes?
• Which tribe had its lands purchased by the government for $3 million?
• Which major event confirmed the federal government’s expansive authority over tribal lands in the removal era?
• Which court case established that the state of Georgia could not enforce its laws in Cherokee territory, a ruling that was not enforced?
• Approximately how many Cherokees were relocated to Indian Territory?
• Who commanded U.S. troops during the Cherokee removal in 1838–1839?
• The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830) facilitated relocation of which tribe?
• What were the Creeks that sided with Tecumseh called?
• What was the primary outcome for tribal governance after removal?
• After removal, what is the collective term for the new lands where tribes settled?
• Tecumseh's plan to stop European invasion involved uniting several tribes to fight for their land.
• How much did the government pay for Chickasaw tribal lands?
• Which tribe's homeland included Mississippi prior to removal?
• Which tribe was described as the most aggressive toward settlers?
• Why is the Treaty of New Echota controversial within Cherokee leadership?
• What is the commonly cited death toll among Cherokees during the Trail of Tears?
• Which treaty led to the Choctaw relocation to Indian Territory?
• What treaties officially removed the Choctaw to Indian Territory in the west?
• Which treaty secured the removal of the Choctaw and is often cited as a model for other removals?
• Which of the following was NOT traditionally counted among the Five Civilized Tribes?
• Which tribe is primarily connected to the removal policy described?
• Name the leaders of the Cherokee Treaty Party who signed the Treaty of New Echota.
• The Indian Removal Act authorized relocation to lands west of which river?
• Allotment as part of assimilation era aimed to break up tribal landholdings into individual parcels?
• Who served as Principal Chief of the Creeks in Indian Territory?
• What nickname was given to the Southeastern tribes for their adoption of European-style governance?
• Which river often demarcated the eastern boundary of tribal lands before removal?
• What document demonstrated federal authority over tribal lands during the removal era?
• Which tribe removed from the east was the most prosperous?
• Among the tribes affected by removal, which group was associated with the Pontotoc Creek treaty?
• Which two treaties were responsible for removing the Choctaw to Indian Territory in the west?
• What was the function of boarding schools under assimilation policy?
• What is the combined death toll reported for the Choctaws and Creeks in the removal era?
• The Indian Removal Act targeted tribes from which part of the United States?
• The removal cost per Indian was associated with which tribe?
• In which territory did the Cherokee Nation reconstitute its government after relocation?
• In Worcester v. Georgia, which issue was central to the ruling?
• What is the estimated amount of Creek to perish on the trip to Indian Territory?
• Which sequence best describes Federal policy toward Native Americans after removal era?
• The Cherokee removal was part of which federal policy in the 1830s?
• The term 'domestic dependent nation' describes the relationship to the United States for which group?
• The Choctaw homeland prior to removal largely included which modern U.S. state?
• The Cherokee Nation’s relocation led to the establishment of what kind of government in Indian Territory?
• What treaty officially removed the Seminoles to Indian Territory in the west?
• Who were the Red Sticks and why were they called the red Sticks?
• Who was the leader of the Lower Creeks?
• In what year was the Treaty of New Echota signed?
• Which major change did the Dawes Act promote regarding land?
• To which area were tribes relocated during the Indian Removal era?
• Identify the leader associated with the Lower Creeks?
• Which term refers to the process of becoming part of another culture?
• Which tribes are commonly identified as the Five Civilized Tribes?
• What was the problem with the treaty commonly known as Doak's Stand?
• What term describes the shift toward assimilation through schooling and land allotment after removal?
• The Cherokee Trail of Tears primarily began in which Southeastern state?
• What is the name given to the forced removal of Cherokees from Georgia to Indian Territory?
• How long did the Choctaw removal take?
• The Second Seminole War is linked to resistance to removal in which region?
• What was the main purpose of the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
• The Indian Territory designated for removal corresponds to which present-day state?
• The relocation era ended when the last group reached Indian Territory in which year?
• Which federal agency oversaw removal and administered relations with tribes in the 1830s?
• When the Chickasaw used the new 'credit' system and could pay back the money owed, what were they forced to give up?
• Which general is linked with defeating the Red Sticks and prompting Creek land cession?
• Which University has adopted Osceola as their mascot?
• Who was the leader of the Upper Creeks?
• The signing of New Echota is often cited as a breach of which Cherokee institution?
• Which Cherokee leader helped craft diplomacy and maintain national identity during removal?
• How many total removals did it take to get the Choctaws to Indian Territory?
• Which US Army general was responsible for rounding up the Cherokee during the removal process?
• The relocation journey that resulted in about 4,000 deaths is most closely associated with which tribe?
• Which major U.S. river was central to the geography of removal routes and borders?
• Which general is associated with both moving the Creek and rounding up the Cherokee during removal?
• Indian Territory corresponds to present-day which state?
• The Creek and Seminole alliance was known as which name?
• Who were Osceola's two followers that took up his cause after he was arrested?
• Which writing system did Sequoyah develop for the Cherokee language?
• Which tribe is the primary subject of the 1831 Supreme Court decision described?
• What was the major political consequence within Cherokee politics of the Treaty Party's stance on removal?
• What did the Cherokee call the Trail of Tears?
• What best describes the Supreme Court's view toward tribal nations in 1831?
• Assimilation is defined as which of the following?
• Approximately how many Cherokees died during relocation to Indian Territory?
• What impact did Sequoyah's syllabary have on Cherokee society?
• Where did the Treaty of Fort Gibson move the Seminoles?
• Pontotoc Creek treaty relocation was associated with which tribe?
• Who was the Seminole leader captured to end resistance?
• During which years did the Cherokee removal to Indian Territory take place?
• Where did the Lower Creeks reside?
• Who was sent to Florida to capture Osceola and bring the Seminole resistance to an end?
• Who was the general responsible for moving the Creek west of the Mississippi to Indian territory?
• What was Sequoyah’s broader contribution to Cherokee self-governance beyond literacy?
• What did the French and Indian War results cost the Spanish?
• Which summarizes the Cherokee Nation's status after the 1831 Supreme Court ruling?
• What policy era followed removal and emphasized assimilation through education and property ownership?
• Which court case did the US Supreme Court side with the Cherokee?
• What were the Everglades?
• Which Cherokee leader and diplomat helped maintain relations with the United States during removal?
• Which group is NOT among the Five Civilized Tribes?
• How did the federal government respond to Worcester v. Georgia’s ruling?
• In what year was the Indian Removal Act enacted?
• Which Cherokee leader led negotiations and opposed removal?
• The Pontotoc Creek treaty is associated with which tribe’s removal?
• Which geographic region did removal routes primarily originate from?
• Which Supreme Court case in 1832 ruled that the state of Georgia had no authority over Cherokee lands?
• Which region is named as the destination for relocated tribes?
• What modern state encompasses the lands once designated as Indian Territory?
• What effect did removal have on tribal sovereignty?
• Which policy authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes from the Southeast in the 1830s?
• Which hardships were commonly faced during the removal journey?
• Georgia used what to extend its authority over Cherokee territory?
• The relocation policy moved tribes to lands west of the Mississippi River. What direction is described?
• The forced relocation moved Native Americans to which territory?
• The Second Seminole War occurred primarily in which state?
• Doak's Stand treaty involved which tribe?
• Which event is cited as a breach of Cherokee sovereignty because it bypassed the Cherokee National Council?
• What is the punishment for any Creek chief who ceded land?
• The Dawes Act of 1887 is associated with which policy shift?
• What is a major ethical takeaway historians emphasize about Indian Removal?
• Name the other four tribes removed in the same era.
• Which Creek leader organized a mass migration to resist removal in the 1830s?
• Sequoyah's syllabary primarily facilitated which aspects of Cherokee life?
• What happened during Choctaw removal that caused the Chickasaws to take more time in the movement to Indian Territory?
• What president was responsible for Indian Removal?
• The Seminole removal cost the U.S. government how much per Indian removed?
• What treaty signed by Cherokee leaders resulted in removal to Indian Territory?
• When did Indian Removal become a serious consideration?
• Where is the present-day location of the old Indian Territory?
• Which two tribes were actually related at some point in history?
• What was the purpose of boarding schools as part of assimilation policy?
• Before removal, in which present-day state did the Seminoles reside?
• Which president signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
• What act authorized the forced relocation of eastern tribes to lands west of the Mississippi?
• Which state's laws were at issue in Worcester v. Georgia?
• Which U.S. president championed the removal policy in the 1830s?
• The law Georgia used to extend jurisdiction over Cherokee lands is best described as?
• What were the Creeks that opposed Tecumseh called?
• To where were these tribes relocated?
• Where did the Upper Creeks reside before removal?
• The Seminoles were relocated to Indian Territory in the west by which treaty?
• What did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorize?
• Who was the most famous Seminole leader who resisted removal?
• Which policy moved tribes from ancestral lands to designated territories?
• What federal principle did Worcester v. Georgia assert regarding tribal lands?
• In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831), the Supreme Court described the Cherokee Nation as what status?
• The Choctaw homeland prior to removal largely included which modern state?
• The Red Sticks were a faction of which tribe?
• Opothleyahola was a leader of which tribe?
• The removal policy targeted which group of tribes commonly known as the Five Civilized Tribes?
• Which document did Andrew Jackson sign in 1830?
• In what year did the Cherokee removal largely conclude?
• What discovery on Cherokee land fueled the removal push to Indian Territory?
• About how many natives were living in North America when the Europeans arrived?
• Who created a Cherokee alphabet to help his tribe learn to read and write?
• Which treaty facilitated the Chickasaw relocation?
• Which Supreme Court decision recognized Cherokee sovereignty and tried to halt removal?
• Which Cherokee leader helped maintain relations with the United States during removal?
• The Trail of Tears refers to the forced removal of which Native American group?
• Approximately how many Cherokee people were relocated during the removal?